Income Stage Investor Overview
When the accumulation stage investor reaches retirement ( the "income stage" ), they have accumulated enough portfolio growth / assets from which to derive an income stream.
Research conducted by "Stock Market Map", demonstrates the ability of the "Large cap Value" asset class to produce between a 3.5 - 7% annual income stream, adjusted for inflation, accompanied by further portfolio growth - this over 9 decades of historical sample.
This research is described in "A Study of Income Withdrawal Sustainability using Large Cap Value Portfolio" here :